Why does the nurse encourage increased oral fluid intake in a client with a spinal cord injury?

Encouraging increased oral fluid intake in a client with a spinal cord injury is particularly important to help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Individuals with spinal cord injuries often experience impaired bladder function due to neurological deficits, which can lead to urinary retention and stasis. When urine remains in the bladder for extended periods, it creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth, increasing the risk of UTIs.

Adequate hydration helps dilute the urine, promotes more frequent urination, and minimizes the risk of infections. By ensuring that there is a sufficient intake of fluids, the nurse supports the flushing out of bacteria from the urinary tract, reduces concentrations of solutes that could cause irritation, and encourages regular bladder emptying, all of which play a critical role in preventing infections.

While dehydration, skin breakdown, and electrolyte imbalances are also important considerations in clients with spinal cord injuries, the most direct and immediate reason for encouraging increased oral fluid intake is to combat the high risk of urinary tract infections associated with changes in bladder function.